Dunno about you but I update my packages often … and I have lots of them, more then 1000 actually.
% pkg info | wc -l
1051
… but its not much, they are mostly dependencies to to software that I use.
For example I need Openbox and X11 but to use them I need 300+ dependencies in libraries and protocols, and its OK, that’s how it works … but sometimes after the upgrade one or two applications forbid to start because of missing dependency. I would sa that it happens one in twenty to thirty updates (1/20 – 1/30) which is very rare and even if it happens its very easy to solve. I also happened to me on Linux systems many times so its not FreeBSD only related, its just how open source desktop/laptop market works π
Today’s victim will be Chromium. I generally use Firefox but sometimes when a page behaves strangely in Firefox I verify this behavior in Chromium. I also use Chromium as file opener (or file browser should I say) for the *.htm/*.html/*.chm local files. But this time it forbid to start, so I went to the command line to check what went wrong.
% chrome Shared object "libx264.so.155" not found, required by "libavcodec.so.58"
… a missing dependency in the form of libx264.so.155 library.
Lets verify it something else is not missing for Chromium then.
% which chrome /usr/local/bin/chrome % ldd /usr/local/bin/chrome ldd: /usr/local/bin/chrome: not a dynamic executable
So /usr/local/bin/chrome is just a wrapper, let’s see what it contains.
% cat /usr/local/bin/chrome
#!/bin/sh
SYSCTL=kern.ipc.shm_allow_removed
if [ "`/sbin/sysctl -n $SYSCTL`" = 0 ] ; then
cat << EOMSG
For correct operation, shared memory support has to be enabled
in Chromium by performing the following command as root :
sysctl $SYSCTL=1
To preserve this setting across reboots, append the following
to /etc/sysctl.conf :
$SYSCTL=1
EOMSG
exit 1
fi
ulimit -c 0
exec /usr/local/share/chromium/chrome ${1+"$@"}
So our binary actually is /usr/local/share/chromium/chrome file, lets check it with ldd(8) then.
% ldd /usr/local/share/chromium/chrome
/usr/local/share/chromium/chrome:
libthr.so.3 => /lib/libthr.so.3 (0x809b78000)
libX11.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libX11.so.6 (0x809da0000)
libX11-xcb.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libX11-xcb.so.1 (0x80a0df000)
libxcb.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb.so.1 (0x80a2e0000)
libXcomposite.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libXcomposite.so.1 (0x80a506000)
libXcursor.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libXcursor.so.1 (0x80a708000)
libXdamage.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libXdamage.so.1 (0x80a913000)
libXext.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libXext.so.6 (0x80ab15000)
libXfixes.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libXfixes.so.3 (0x80ad26000)
libXi.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libXi.so.6 (0x80af2b000)
libXrender.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libXrender.so.1 (0x80b139000)
libXtst.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libXtst.so.6 (0x80b342000)
libgmodule-2.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libgmodule-2.0.so.0 (0x80b547000)
libglib-2.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libglib-2.0.so.0 (0x80b74a000)
libgobject-2.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libgobject-2.0.so.0 (0x80ba61000)
libgthread-2.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libgthread-2.0.so.0 (0x80bcab000)
libintl.so.8 => /usr/local/lib/libintl.so.8 (0x80beac000)
libnss3.so => /usr/local/lib/nss/libnss3.so (0x80c0b7000)
libsmime3.so => /usr/local/lib/nss/libsmime3.so (0x80c3e3000)
libnssutil3.so => /usr/local/lib/nss/libnssutil3.so (0x80c60d000)
libplds4.so => /usr/local/lib/libplds4.so (0x80c83d000)
libplc4.so => /usr/local/lib/libplc4.so (0x80ca40000)
libnspr4.so => /usr/local/lib/libnspr4.so (0x80cc44000)
libdl.so.1 => /usr/lib/libdl.so.1 (0x80ce83000)
libcups.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libcups.so.2 (0x80d084000)
libxml2.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libxml2.so.2 (0x80d315000)
libfontconfig.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libfontconfig.so.1 (0x80d6a8000)
libdbus-1.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libdbus-1.so.3 (0x80d8ef000)
libexecinfo.so.1 => /usr/lib/libexecinfo.so.1 (0x80db40000)
libkvm.so.7 => /lib/libkvm.so.7 (0x80dd43000)
libutil.so.9 => /lib/libutil.so.9 (0x80df51000)
libXss.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libXss.so.1 (0x80e165000)
libwebpdemux.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libwebpdemux.so.2 (0x80e367000)
libwebpmux.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libwebpmux.so.3 (0x80e56b000)
libwebp.so.7 => /usr/local/lib/libwebp.so.7 (0x80e775000)
libfreetype.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libfreetype.so.6 (0x80ea05000)
libjpeg.so.8 => /usr/local/lib/libjpeg.so.8 (0x80ecbb000)
libexpat.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libexpat.so.1 (0x80ef4e000)
libharfbuzz.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libharfbuzz.so.0 (0x80f179000)
libdrm.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libdrm.so.2 (0x80f458000)
libXrandr.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libXrandr.so.2 (0x80f66b000)
libgio-2.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libgio-2.0.so.0 (0x80f875000)
libavcodec.so.58 => /usr/local/lib/libavcodec.so.58 (0x80fe00000)
libavformat.so.58 => /usr/local/lib/libavformat.so.58 (0x811800000)
libavutil.so.56 => /usr/local/lib/libavutil.so.56 (0x811c52000)
libopenh264.so.4 => /usr/local/lib/libopenh264.so.4 (0x811eca000)
libasound.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libasound.so.2 (0x8121da000)
libsnappy.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libsnappy.so.1 (0x8124de000)
libopus.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libopus.so.0 (0x8126e6000)
libpangocairo-1.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libpangocairo-1.0.so.0 (0x812956000)
libpango-1.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libpango-1.0.so.0 (0x812b63000)
libcairo.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libcairo.so.2 (0x812db1000)
libGL.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libGL.so.1 (0x8130d8000)
libpci.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libpci.so.3 (0x813366000)
libatk-1.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libatk-1.0.so.0 (0x813571000)
libatk-bridge-2.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libatk-bridge-2.0.so.0 (0x81379c000)
libatspi.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libatspi.so.0 (0x8139cc000)
libFLAC.so.8 => /usr/local/lib/libFLAC.so.8 (0x813bfd000)
libgtk-3.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libgtk-3.so.0 (0x814000000)
libgdk-3.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libgdk-3.so.0 (0x8148b9000)
libcairo-gobject.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libcairo-gobject.so.2 (0x814bb0000)
libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libgdk_pixbuf-2.0.so.0 (0x814db8000)
libxslt.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libxslt.so.1 (0x814fdb000)
libz.so.6 => /lib/libz.so.6 (0x815218000)
liblzma.so.5 => /usr/lib/liblzma.so.5 (0x815430000)
libm.so.5 => /lib/libm.so.5 (0x815659000)
librt.so.1 => /usr/lib/librt.so.1 (0x815886000)
libc++.so.1 => /usr/lib/libc++.so.1 (0x815a8c000)
libcxxrt.so.1 => /lib/libcxxrt.so.1 (0x815d5a000)
libc.so.7 => /lib/libc.so.7 (0x800823000)
libXau.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libXau.so.6 (0x815f79000)
libXdmcp.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libXdmcp.so.6 (0x81617c000)
libiconv.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libiconv.so.2 (0x816381000)
libpcre.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libpcre.so.1 (0x81667c000)
libffi.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libffi.so.6 (0x81691a000)
libgnutls.so.30 => /usr/local/lib/libgnutls.so.30 (0x816b21000)
libavahi-common.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libavahi-common.so.3 (0x816ed4000)
libavahi-client.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libavahi-client.so.3 (0x8170e0000)
libcrypt.so.5 => /lib/libcrypt.so.5 (0x8172ef000)
libelf.so.2 => /lib/libelf.so.2 (0x81750e000)
libgcc_s.so.1 => /lib/libgcc_s.so.1 (0x817725000)
libbz2.so.4 => /usr/lib/libbz2.so.4 (0x817934000)
libgraphite2.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libgraphite2.so.3 (0x817b48000)
libswresample.so.3 => /usr/local/lib/libswresample.so.3 (0x817d71000)
libvpx.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libvpx.so.6 (0x818000000)
libdav1d.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libdav1d.so.1 (0x818411000)
libmp3lame.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libmp3lame.so.0 (0x818732000)
libtheoraenc.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libtheoraenc.so.1 (0x8189b3000)
libtheoradec.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libtheoradec.so.1 (0x818be2000)
libvorbis.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libvorbis.so.0 (0x818df3000)
libvorbisenc.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libvorbisenc.so.2 (0x819024000)
libx264.so.155 => not found (0)
libx265.so.170 => /usr/local/lib/libx265.so.170 (0x819400000)
libxvidcore.so.4 => /usr/local/lib/libxvidcore.so.4 (0x819b4b000)
libva.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libva.so.2 (0x819e70000)
libgmp.so.10 => /usr/local/lib/libgmp.so.10 (0x81a096000)
libva-drm.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libva-drm.so.2 (0x81a316000)
libva-x11.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libva-x11.so.2 (0x81a518000)
libvdpau.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libvdpau.so.1 (0x81a71d000)
libpangoft2-1.0.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libpangoft2-1.0.so.0 (0x81a920000)
libfribidi.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libfribidi.so.0 (0x81ab36000)
libpixman-1.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libpixman-1.so.0 (0x81ad4c000)
libEGL.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libEGL.so.1 (0x81b016000)
libpng16.so.16 => /usr/local/lib/libpng16.so.16 (0x81b24e000)
libxcb-shm.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-shm.so.0 (0x81b489000)
libxcb-render.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-render.so.0 (0x81b68b000)
libxcb-dri3.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-dri3.so.0 (0x81b898000)
libxcb-xfixes.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-xfixes.so.0 (0x81ba9b000)
libxcb-present.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-present.so.0 (0x81bca2000)
libxcb-sync.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-sync.so.1 (0x81bea4000)
libxshmfence.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libxshmfence.so.1 (0x81c0aa000)
libglapi.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libglapi.so.0 (0x81c2ab000)
libxcb-glx.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-glx.so.0 (0x81c505000)
libxcb-dri2.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxcb-dri2.so.0 (0x81c71e000)
libXxf86vm.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libXxf86vm.so.1 (0x81c922000)
libogg.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libogg.so.0 (0x81cb26000)
libXinerama.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libXinerama.so.1 (0x81cd2c000)
libxkbcommon.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libxkbcommon.so.0 (0x81cf2e000)
libwayland-cursor.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libwayland-cursor.so.0 (0x81d16b000)
libwayland-egl.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libwayland-egl.so.1 (0x81d372000)
libwayland-client.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libwayland-client.so.0 (0x81d573000)
libepoxy.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libepoxy.so.0 (0x81d782000)
libp11-kit.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libp11-kit.so.0 (0x81da91000)
libtasn1.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libtasn1.so.6 (0x81ddb2000)
libnettle.so.6 => /usr/local/lib/libnettle.so.6 (0x81dfc7000)
libhogweed.so.4 => /usr/local/lib/libhogweed.so.4 (0x81e1ff000)
libidn2.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libidn2.so.0 (0x81e435000)
libunistring.so.2 => /usr/local/lib/libunistring.so.2 (0x81e653000)
libgbm.so.1 => /usr/local/lib/libgbm.so.1 (0x81ea07000)
libwayland-server.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libwayland-server.so.0 (0x81ec15000)
libepoll-shim.so.0 => /usr/local/lib/libepoll-shim.so.0 (0x81ee28000)
Lots of deps here, lets cut to the point with grep(1) as shown below.
% ldd /usr/local/share/chromium/chrome | grep found
libx264.so.155 => not found (0)
Only one – libx264.so.155 – dependency is missing. Let’s fix it then.
% cd /usr/local/lib % ls -l libx264.so* lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 14 2019.03.19 02:11 libx264.so -> libx264.so.157 -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 2090944 2019.03.19 02:11 libx264.so.157
There is little newer version available libx264.so.157 so we will link to it with our ‘missing’ libx264.so.155 name.
# pwd /usr/local/lib # ln -s libx264.so libx264.so.155 # ls -l libx264.so* lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 14 2019.03.19 02:11 libx264.so -> libx264.so.157 lrwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 10 2019.03.21 15:26 libx264.so.155 -> libx264.so -rwxr-xr-x 1 root wheel 2090944 2019.03.19 02:11 libx264.so.157
Chromium should be happy now.
% ldd /usr/local/share/chromium/chrome | grep found %
Zero not found results.
Let’s start Chromium then with chrome command.
% chrome
Starts as usual and everything works π
This whole process can be visualized with this simple screenshots below.
EOF
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